Anesthesiology Oral Board Flash Cards >

Disease States

Diabetes Mellitus

Topics Discussed:

diabetes mellitus.

Sections:

Considerations, History, Physical Exam, Lab Tests/Imaging, Consults, Conflict(s), Optimize/Goals, Options, Preop:, Room Setup (Special Drugs/Monitors), Induction, Maintenance, Emergence, Disposition/Pain, Clinical Pearl, References

Excerpt:

"Loss of normal heart rate variability with breathing suggests autonomic neuropathy (gastroparesis).Metabolic disorder associated with microvascular (retinopathy, nephropathy) and macrovascular complications (cardio- and cerebrovascular)

Cause:
DM1—insulin deficiency (autoimmune)
DM2—insulin resistance, altered insulin secretion

DM1—risk of diabetes ketoacidosis (DKA) (dehydration, acidosis, vomiting, fatigue, confusion, unconsciousness)
DM2—risk of hyperosmolar hyperglycemia syndrome

Metabolic syndrome—DM2, obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, procoagulant state, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)

Perioperative hyperglycemia associated with wound infection. DM may increase morbidity (MI, renal failure, stroke) in certain surgical populations (CABG)

Medications?—insulin, sulfonylureas, biguanides, thiazolidinediones, DPP-4 inhibitors, incretin mimetics

Hypoglycemia—weakness, fatigue, confusion, seizures; sweating, tachycardia, hunger

..."

The content above is only an excerpt. For full access, log into an existing user account below, purchase an annual subscription, or purchase a short-term subscription to the complete website.

Subscriber Log In:

Username:

Password:

Forgot your Username/Password?